Concepts of Programming Language Assignment - Chapter 1

Name : Ryanto Salim
Class : 02PCT
NIM : 1601231415

Review Questions

3. What programming language has dominated scientific computing over the past 50 years?
Fortran

4. What programming language has dominated business applications over the past 50 years?
COBOL

5. What programming language has dominated artificial intelligence over the pas 50 years?
LISP

6. In what language is most of UNIX written?
C

7. What is the disadvantage of having too many features in a language?
Having too many features in a language will make it more difficult to learn and it may cause feature multiplicity.

8. How can user-defined operator overloading harm and the readability of a program?
Because, sometimes the user make the user-defined operator without being sensible which can reduce the readability.

10. What language used orthogonality as a primary design criterion?
ALGOL 68

13. What does it mean for a program to be reliable?
A program is said to be reliable if it performs to its specifications under all conditions.

15. What is aliasing?
Aliasing is having two or more distinct names that can be used to access the same memory cell.

16. What is exception handling?
Exception handling is the ability of a program to intercept run-time errors, take corrective measures, and then continue is an obvious aid to reliability.

Problem Set

1. Do you believe that solving a problem in a particular algorithmic step requires programming language skills?
No, because people who can solve their problem properly(step by step) like an algorithm steps doesn't guarantee that those people have programming language skills.

2. Who is said to be the first programmer in human history?
Ada Lovelace

3. What are the disadvantages of multiple programming language?
I think the main disadvantage of using multiple programming language is it can make you confuse, especially for beginner programmer and if people using multiple programming language usually they didn't really skilled in those programming languages but only good or average.

4. In what way do the languages for scientific applications differ from the languages for business applications?
Language for scientific applications is more complex i think, because it must support many different calculations that related to scientific uses and language for business application maybe simpler. But, of course the main difference between both of them is the functions itself.

6. Which characteristics of programming languages do you think are the most important and why?
Readability, because it's one of the most important criteria for judging a programming language whether it's easily read and understood or not. Also, if a programming language have a high readability it will make the user more easier to learn how to use that programming language.

7. Java uses a semicolon to mark the end of all statements. What are the advantages for and against this design?
The advantage is that you can easily identify which is the end of one statement from your code, and the disadvantage is sometimes it can cause an error if you forget to put it.